Sinus problems and allergies are common health concerns that affect people of all ages, particularly during seasonal changes. In India, seasonal allergies, or hay fever, often occur during the monsoon when airborne allergens like pollen, mould, and dust mites are abundant.

Pollen peaks between February-April and September-December, mould thrives in humid, rainy conditions, and dust mites flourish in warm, humid environments, exacerbating allergy symptoms. We speak with Dr Rohan R Naick, Consultant Pulmonologist, Sparsh Hospital, Yeswanthpur to know more.

Seasonal allergies, or hay fever (allergic rhinitis), occur when the immune system overreacts to environmental allergens. Common symptoms include sneezing, itching, a runny or stuffy nose, and watery eyes.

“Sinus problems arise when the nasal passages become swollen and inflamed, often as a result of allergies or infections. This inflammation can block the drainage of mucus, leading to congestion, headaches, and facial pain. If left untreated, these issues can develop into chronic sinusitis, a condition characterized by long-term inflammation of the sinuses,” says Dr Naick.

People of all ages can be affected by seasonal allergies and sinus problems, but the impact varies. According to Dr Naick, children are particularly vulnerable due to their still-developing immune systems, which may lead to more severe allergic reactions and a higher risk of sinus infections. “For adults, these conditions can interfere with daily activities, work, and overall quality of life,” he says.

Furthermore, older adults may experience more severe symptoms due to a weakened immune system, increasing their risk of chronic sinusitis. “Common age-related health conditions can exacerbate sinus problems, making careful management of allergies essential for this group,” says the expert.

To manage sinus problems and allergies during seasonal changes, it is important to reduce exposure to allergens. “Simple preventive measures include keeping windows closed during high-pollen seasons, using air purifiers, and practicing good hygiene after being outdoors. Over-the-counter medications like antihistamines, nasal sprays, and decongestants can help alleviate symptoms. In more severe or chronic cases, consulting a doctor is recommended,” advises Dr Naick.

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